The nigerian health journal nigerian medical association. Medicinal plants used in antenatal and perinatal care. Journal of medicinal plants studies medicine cam in both rural and urban areas across nigeria has increased, but there is a great concern for its safety, efficacy as well as control and this poses a great challenge for health authorities and the general public. Traditional african cultural practices paved the way for foreign way of doing things as africans became fully westernised. Use of traditional herbal medicines in developed countries 2. Journal of college of medicine university of nigeria, enugu. If they take you to the th go with your treatment, you must take it at the correct time, and you must not forgo your. Reviewtraditional medicine development for medical and dental. Building on the knowledge of a traditional medicine practitioner, nigerias national institute for. In some countries, traditional medicine or nonconventional medicine may be termed complementary medicine cm.
This study was carried out to assess the prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of combined orthodox and traditional medicine use among households in imo state, nigeria. Over onethird of the population in developing countries lack access to essential medicines. Medicinal plants and traditional medicine in africa. In nigeria, medicines are commonly dispensed without appropriate labeling. Who traditional medicine strategy executive summary traditional medicine tm is an important and often underestimated part of health services. Background to the development of health services in nigeria. While describing the introduction of orthodox medicine into nigeria the paper highlighted the current patterns of modernization of traditional medicine and products, and ends with a note of the key areas that. Residents in the study area find the traditional medicine cheaper as compared to orthodox medicines. Traditional medicine and the future of medicinal plants in. Dear readers, as we present the last edition of 2012 of your journal, journal of the college of medicine, on behalf of the entire editorial team, i wish to inform you that our journal is being. Herbal medicines in african traditional medicine intechopen.
It is the oldest and still the most widely used system of medicine in the world today. Africa is considered to be the cradle of mankind with a rich biological and cultural diversity marked by regional differences in healing practices 2, 6. This is the belief among the ibos of nigeria that medicine men can implant something into a person from a distance to inflict sickness. A possessor of this certificate would be able to provide comprehensive first contact care to all patients at any point of care in the country. Awai 1, john o igoli 2 1 center for sustainable development, university of ibadan, oyo state, nigeria 2 department of chemistry, university of agriculture makurdi, benue state, nigeria. Malawi, mali, mauritania, mauritius, mozambique, namibia, niger, nigeria. In 2009 the sixtysecond world health assembly adopted resolution wha62. However, plants used in traditional medicine are still understudied kirby, 1996. However, very little is known about the extent of this use, the body parts that are used and the ailments these practices are attempting to cure or alleviate. The role of religious belief in traditional medicine was also explained, as well as magical and mystic practices in traditional medicine. Traditional medicine practices among the yoruba people of.
Project muse the relevance of the african traditional. Coordination with traditional healerscoordination with traditional healers many americans use traditional healers and. Household members only identify these medicines with certain symptoms and diseases. Olawumi adekola nigerian doctors and their practices have come under intense scrutiny over the last few years. Traditional medicine, yoruba, nigeria, medicinal plants.
The use of traditional medicine in maternity care among. The researcher thus took a purposive sample of one hundred and fifty consisting of 50 traditional medicine practitioners, 50 orthodox medicine practitioners and 50 patients using interview and questionnaire administration to garner information on the relevance of traditional medicine in the health care delivery system in nigeria. In most african societies, traditional medicine plays an important role in the lives of millions who cannot access western medicine. The paper presents swot analysis of traditional medicine tm in nigeria using various results in scientific research and authors critical opinion on the past, present and. Dlamini abstract an ethnomedical survey of the manzini region of swaziland was carried. Harmful traditional practices that affect certain specific population groups such as omen and children are very rampant in ethiopia.
Inspite of the common use of herbal medicine in the healthcare delivery in many countries, like nigeria, and the. It is used in all societies and is common to all cultures. Having firmly and solemnly resolve, to live in unity and harmony as one indivisible and indissoluble sovereign nation under god, dedicated to the promotion of interafrican solidarity, world peace, international cooperation and understanding. The boys also engaged in such other training activities as archery, tree climbing and wrestling. A member of the arso committee and author of food as medicine.
Akinwumi department of botany, university of benin, benin city nigeria accepted october 20, 1986 summary one hundred informants including full timepart time herbalists, old ladies, family heads and village heads. Tools for institutionalizing traditional medicine in. There is limited data on the use of herbal medicine by pregnant women in nigeria. The federal government of nigeria has established the nigeria natural medicine development agency nnmda to study, collate, document, develop, preserve and promote nigerian traditional medicine products and practices and to also fasttrack the integration of the tm into the mainstream of modern health care system in line with happenings in china and india the sun news. Traditional medicine is often termed alternative or complementary medicine in many countries. Pangolins manidae have long been used for traditional medicinal purposes in most parts of subsaharan africa. Traditional medicine used in childbirth and for childhood diarrhoea. In nigeria, traditional medicine has developed in various communities in response to the health needs of the people. Microsoft powerpoint religion and medicine isdh compatibility mode author. Herbal medicine is a part and parcel of and sometimes synonymous with african traditional medicine. Here is a list of the top 10 medical schools in nigeria that boast of the best learning enviroment. The biggest problem with herbal medicine in nigeria is a lack of standardization and safety regulations 4 the quantity and quality of the safety and efficacy data on traditional medicine are far.
This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of use, sociodemographic pattern, knowledge and. Ethnomedicine, diversity, distribution, traditional healers, nigeria introduction medicinal plants constitute an effective source of both traditional and modern medicine. Background to the development of health services in nigeria some nigerian christians remain hostile to indigenous medicine and believe that a good and decent christian is one who among other things avoids the use of indigenous medicine and healers and who generally shows hostility to many aspects of african culture. Nigeria advances in natural medicine the guardian nigeria. Interestingly, another study in nigeria revealed that majority of hypertensive patients considered traditional medicine as the only viable cure for hypertension. In developing countries, notably in west africa, new drugs are not often affordable. The aim of the study is to examine the perception and patronage of traditional medicine in kaduna state. Traditional medicine usage among adult women in ibadan, nigeria. Despite the popularity of traditional medicine in nigeria, there are few regulations on its use or quality control.
In ghana, mali, nigeria and zambia, the first line of treatment for. Ethnomedicinal use of african pangolins by traditional. The challenges of best practices and standards in nursing in nigeria inaugural lecture delivered at the igbinedion university, okada, edo state, nigeria on april 15, 2010 by adeleke araoye ojo professor and head of department of nursing, school of clinical medicine, oba okunade sijuwade college of health sciences, igbinedion university, okada. Medicinal plants used in antenatal and perinatal care among the tiv people of benue state, nigeria erdoo p. Traditional medicinal plants are an important element of indigenous medical systems in china and rest of the world. Nigeria began to cultivate ginger in 1927 gibbon 1953, when an investigation was carried out to find a crop that would generate internal trade for the people of southern province of kaduna, the traditional home of ginger in nigeria. To gain understanding of the use of traditional and modern medicine among the people in ghana, west africa.
We know that an increase in nigeria life expectancy from 47 to 49 years for males and females respectively will be an advantage to all of us. Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine is published quarterly and the contents include articles in medicine, dentistry, pharmaceutical and basic medical sciences with emphasis on health problems and solutions relating to developing countries. Tm has a long history of use in health maintenance and in disease prevention and treatment. As part of efforts to improve, harmonise and standardise traditional medicine practice in africa, the african regional standard organisation arso, an intergovernmental body formed by the african. Traditional african medicine is a traditional medicine discipline involving indigenous herbalism and african spirituality, typically involving diviners, midwives, and herbalists. Traditional, complementary and alternative medicine tcam refers to a set of healthcare. Traditional, complementary and alternative medicine use in. The journal publishes any contribution that advances medical science or practice extending to all aspects of medicine including socioeconomic, political and legal. Herbal manual the medicinal, toilet, culinary and other uses of of the most commonly used herbs by harold ward l. Pdf on may 1, 2011, ekeanyanwu r c and others published traditional medicine status in nigeria. African cultural practices and health implications for. There is useful information for researchers and students in various disciplines of medicine, pharmaceutical sciences, biological sciences, traditional medicine, veterinary medicine and. Nigeria and zambia, the first line treatment for 60% of children with malaria is the use of herbal medicine.
Thus, up to 80% of the population uses medicinal plants as remedies kirby, 1996. In folklore medicine in nigeria rauwolfia vomitoria afzel is used for treating hypertension, stroke, insomnia and convulsion and ocimum gratissimum l. In nigeria, as noted in the word health assembly resolution 56. Thus, traditional medicine policy and regulation have been made an integral part of the who proposed critical determinants of herbal medicine safety. Commitment to the principles of the regional strategy for government recognition and institutionalization of traditional medicine has been demonstrated by the progress countries made in some areas during the decade. Traditional, complementary and alternative medicine use in sub. One study of herbal medicines in nigeria found that 100% of herbal. For instance, there is the problem of standardisation that has always been an issue with local technologies and practices such as blacksmithing and traditional medicine 15,16. Traditional medicine who regional office for africa. Level of utilization of traditional and orthodox medicines by rural. Pdf traditional medicine and the future of medicinal plants in.
In africa, up to 80% of the population use traditional medicine for primary healthcare. Data from the study was derived from the administration of a structured questionnaire, focus group discussion, in depth interview. It was at this time that the whos traditional medicine programme was established. Herbal treatments are the most popular form of traditional medicine and 70% to 80% of the region has used a form as primary health care. Practitioners of traditional african medicine claim to be able to cure various and diverse conditions such as cancers, psychiatric disorders, high blood pressure, cholera, most venereal diseases, epilepsy, asthma. Most dispensing envelopes do not contain names and expiry dates of dispensed medicine. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in curing. The new health agenda in nigeria and africa focuses on the institutionalization of tradition medicine in parallel with orthodox medicine into the natural health care scheme in order to move the health agenda forwards since, effective health cannot be in africa by orthodox medicine alone unless it has been complemented with traditional medicine. The world health organization supports the use of herbal medicine provided they are proven to be efficacious and safe. These scrutinies by the public, the media and other health workers have most often been scathing. Legal framework, alternative medicine, local herbs, traditional medicine practitioner. Dec 31, 2018 successful completion of the programme will lead to award of the postgraduate diploma in family medicine pgdfm. This gives credence to the fact that people patronise traditional medicine practitioners tmps for.
Countries in africa, asia and latin america use traditional medicine to help meet some of their primary healthcare needs. Developing novel drugs from traditional medicinal knowledge can serve as a. As once noted some years ago tella, 1986, traditional medicine is as old as the hills in nigeria. Traditional medicine tm has been described by the world health organisation who as one of the surest alternative means to achieve total health care coverage of the worlds population. A historical overview of traditional medicine practices. It is said that there are around 140 htps affecting mothers and children occurring in almost all ethnic groups of the country. The fabrication of metallic tools and implements, textile production, traditional medicine or food processing, involved the application of various techniques, principles, and propositions arrived at through. A total of 50 students with hearing impairment were selected from different locations in ibadan, oyo state, nigeria. This can lead to the administration of wrong medicines for a disease condition. Pdf traditional medicine practices among the yoruba people of. This is a typical tropical country with rare vegetations the site provides for unique photographs and database of medicinal plants found in nigeria.
Afrrc61pr2 progress report on decade of traditional. The use of herbal medicine is a very historic and widespread phenomenon. Pangolin body parts are used extensively and frequently by traditional medical practitioners in sierra leone. Knowledge, attitude and use of alternative medical therapy. The annals of african medicine is a publication of the annals of african medicine society and usmanu danfodiyo university teaching hospital, sokoto, nigeria, and is affiliated to the usmanu danfodiyo university teaching hospital, sokoto, nigeria. There is limited literature concerning tcam practitioner service utilisation during pregnancy, with only one zambian82 and nigerian98 study reporting the proportion of women seeking the service of a traditional medicine practitioner during their pregnancy zambia. Traditional medicine practices among the yoruba people of nigeria. Combined orthodox and traditional medicine use among. This paper presents findings on the perception and patronage of traditional medicine in kaduna state nigeria.
With africa subjugated and dominated, the western culture and european mode of civilisation began to thrive and outgrow african cultural heritage. Industrial disharmony in the health sector remains a great challenge and has. Cultural beliefs and health practices menjean lee, md director, division of maternal fetal medicine. The british colonial masters brought in orthodox medicine and today, both. Functional food plants of africa, prof maurice iwu, told the guardian that the body has committees in so many thematic areas. The journal is registered with the following abstracting partners. The place of traditional medicine in the african society. In nigeria, there is dearth of information about traditional medicine use but available data put the use of conventional nutritional supplements and alternative medicine mostly in the form of herbal products, at an estimate of about 31.
The nursing and midwifery council of nigeria nmc is the governmental agency served by a council board that is responsible formulating policies and regulations in regards to nursing practice and education. The devel opment of traditional medicine in nigeria has led to various categories of healers, the various healing methods, strategies and medicines or remedies now known. Although traditional medicine plays an important role in ethiopian society, knowledge. Although the current study is limited in terms of geographical representation, it begins to show how south africa, particularly within the back communities, compares to other. Medicinal plants used in antenatal and perinatal care among. The present study points out the fact that, medicinal plants have continued to play vital roles in the nigerian healthcare sector, although traditional. Use of traditional healers and modern medicine in ghana.
The prevalence of traditional herbal medicine use among. The nigerian journal of medicine publishes articles on socioeconomic, political and legal matters related to medical practice. African countries need to improve their regulation around traditional medicines. Nigeria, the ratio of traditional health practitioners to the population was 1. In san francisco, london and south africa, 70% of people living with hivaids use traditional medicine. Trends and challenges of traditional medicine in africa. The formulation of a national policy on traditional medicine. African traditional medicine is the oldest, and perhaps the most assorted, of all therapeutic systems.
This study examined the level of utilization of traditional and orthodox medicine by. Pdf traditional medicine practices among the yoruba. Even though personalized medicine is now being implemented in some advanced countries, nigeria is not yet ripe for it. Nigeria and in many developing countries, the factors that commonly affect the way rural dwellers sort for.
This certificate would be registered with the medical and dental council of nigeria mdcn. Need for integrating adequate medical intelligence and surveillance systems article pdf available october 2011 with 21,975 reads how we measure reads. Therefore, this study is designed to assess the policy and regulation guiding herbal medicine in nigeria as this information may form a safety index of herbal medicine use in nigeria. Traditional medicine policy and regulation in nigeria.
The increase in healthcare financing, the nonprivatization of healthcare sector in nigeria, increase in assurance for quality and safe healthcare services will be an advantage to all. These plants have been shown to have genuine utility and about 80% of the rural population depends on them as primary health care akinyemi, 2000. There is a paucity of literature describing traditional health practices and beliefs of african women. It is therefore implicated that efforts should be made on how to improve on documentation, conservation and standardization of the medicinal plants in nigeria. Although occupations varied accord ing to the geographical areas in nigeria, the major ones were farming, trading, craft work, fishing, cat tle rearing, wine tapping, traditional medicine and blacksmithing. Traditional african medicine is a traditional medicine discipline involving indigenous herbalism. In contrast, personalized medicine requires custom production of drugs a criterion that makes the model far more expensive and in fact, unrealistic in nigeria as of present. Globally, about 2080 percent of the worlds population uses various forms of alternative medication and medicine. Herbal medicine practice in nigeria is currently attracting serious attention from the scientific and industrial community.
The federal government of nigeria has established the nigeria natural medicine development agency nnmda to study, collate, document, develop, preserve and promote nigerian traditional medicine products and practices and to also fasttrack the integration of the tm into the mainstream of modern health care system in line with happenings in china and india the sun news online, 2010. Most nigerians will readily opt to study medicine abroad than in nigeria while others are not even aware of the medical schools in nigeria. Journal of ethmpharnwcology, 18 1986 257266 257 eisevier scientific publishers ireland ltd. Traditional african medicine and conventional drugs. The paper presents swot analysis of traditional medicine tm in nigeria using various results in scientific research and authors critical opinion on the past, present and future of this important sector of agriculture. African cultural practices and health implications for nigeria rural development ojua takim asu phd. Psychiatry in nigeria in the era of colonization and. An examination of the perception and patronage of traditional. Western culture now is regarded as frontline civilisation. Herbal medicine use among urban residents in lagos, nigeria. University of nigeria, enugu campus, nigeria volume 17, number 2, december 2012 editorial commentary restructuring for improved services.
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